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This Day in History

April 19

"The shot heard round the world ignites American independence."

8 Events
2 Born
4 Died
1775 Battles of Lexington and Concord
1903

Eliot Ness

Prohibition Agent & Law Enforcement Officer

Eliot Ness led the "Untouchables," a team of incorruptible federal agents who built a case against Al Capone in Chicago during Prohibition. He later served as Safety Director of Cleveland during the era of the Torso Murders.

1721

Roger Sherman

Founding Father & Politician

The only person to sign all four great founding documents of the United States — the Continental Association, the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution — Sherman was a self-taught lawyer and one of the framers' most pragmatic voices.

65

Piso's Conspiracy Against Nero Exposed

The freedman Milichus betrays a major plot to assassinate Emperor Nero, leading to the arrest of dozens of Roman senators and knights. The conspiracy's collapse prompted a wave of purges that destroyed many of Rome's leading families.

1529

Protestant Princes Issue First Protest at Speyer

A group of Lutheran rulers and cities formally protest the Second Diet of Speyer's ban on Lutheranism — giving the Protestant movement its very name. Their written protest marked the beginning of organized Protestant political opposition.

1770

Captain Cook Sights Eastern Australia

Lieutenant James Cook, aboard HMS Endeavour, sights the eastern coast of the continent that would become Australia — the first recorded European observation of the continent's eastern shore.

1770

Marie Antoinette Marries Louis XVI by Proxy

The fourteen-year-old Austrian archduchess Marie Antoinette is formally married to the French Dauphin Louis in a proxy ceremony, sealing a diplomatic alliance between France and Austria that would ultimately do neither dynasty any good.

1775

Battles of Lexington and Concord — the American Revolution Begins

British regulars and American minutemen exchange fire at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts, firing the "shot heard round the world." The American Revolutionary War has begun.

1943

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Begins

Jewish fighters inside the Warsaw Ghetto launch a desperate armed uprising against the Nazi forces sent to liquidate the remaining population. The revolt, led largely by young fighters with limited weapons, lasted nearly a month — far longer than anyone had expected.

1993

Waco Siege Ends in Fire

The 51-day standoff between federal agents and David Koresh's Branch Davidian sect near Waco, Texas, ends catastrophically when the compound burns, killing over 75 people including 25 children. The siege and its ending remained deeply controversial.

1995

Oklahoma City Bombing

A truck bomb destroys the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, killing 168 people — including 19 children in the building's daycare center. It was the deadliest domestic terrorist attack in American history at that time.

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1012

Ælfheah of Canterbury

Archbishop of Canterbury

The Archbishop of Canterbury was captured by Viking raiders and, when he refused to allow his ransom to be paid from his impoverished diocese's funds, was pelted to death with bones and ox heads by drunken Danes at Greenwich. He was later canonized.

1560

Philip Melanchthon

German Theologian & Reformer

Luther's closest collaborator and the primary systematizer of Lutheran theology, Melanchthon drafted the Augsburg Confession and worked tirelessly to moderate religious conflicts in Protestant Germany.

1824

Lord Byron

Romantic Poet

George Gordon Byron, the flamboyant Romantic poet whose work scandalized and captivated Europe, died at Missolonghi in Greece while organizing the fight for Greek independence. He was 36.

1882

Charles Darwin

English naturalist and biologist

The father of evolutionary biology, Darwin's On the Origin of Species revolutionized our understanding of life on Earth through the theory of natural selection.

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