144 years ago today
Robert Koch Announces Discovery of Tuberculosis Bacterium
On March 24, 1882, German physician Robert Koch announced to the Berlin Physiological Society his discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for one of history's most devastating diseases. At the time, tuberculosis (also called consumption) was killing one in seven people in Europe and America. Koch's meticulous lab work — cultivating the bacterium on solidified blood serum and using a novel staining technique — demonstrated conclusively for the first time that a single microorganism was the cause of a specific infectious disease. His methods became the gold standard of bacteriology and he went on to identify the cholera bacillus as well. Koch received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1905, and March 24 is now observed annually as World Tuberculosis Day.
Harry Houdini
Escape Artist & Magician
Harry Houdini was the most famous magician and escape artist in history, whose death-defying acts — escaping from locked handcuffs, submerged water tanks, and straitjackets — made him a worldwide sensation. He was also a passionate debunker of fraudulent spiritualists and mediums, using his knowledge of stagecraft to expose their tricks. He died on Halloween 1926 from peritonitis caused by a ruptured appendix, possibly the result of punches to the stomach.
Ub Iwerks
Animator, Co-creator of Mickey Mouse
Ub Iwerks was the brilliant animator who drew Mickey Mouse's earliest films alongside Walt Disney, and is credited with designing Mickey's iconic appearance. He was one of the most technically innovative animators in Hollywood history, developing techniques including the multiplane camera. He later won two Academy Honorary Awards for his technical contributions to filmmaking.
Steve McQueen
Actor & "King of Cool"
Steve McQueen was one of the most popular film stars of the 1960s and 70s, known for his roles in Bullitt, The Great Escape, and The Magnificent Seven. His cool, laconic screen presence and love of racing made him a defining figure of 1960s masculinity. He was Hollywood's highest-paid star at the peak of his fame.
Joseph Priestley
Chemist & Theologian
Joseph Priestley was an 18th-century polymath best known for his discovery of oxygen in 1774, which he called "dephlogisticated air." He was also a theologian, political theorist, and educator whose radical views forced him to emigrate to America after a Birmingham mob burned his house. His friendship with Benjamin Franklin and other Founding Fathers contributed to the intellectual ferment of the age.
William Morris
Designer, Writer & Socialist Activist
William Morris was the central figure of the British Arts and Crafts movement, whose textile and wallpaper designs celebrating natural forms and medieval craftsmanship remain iconic. He was also a poet, novelist, and passionate socialist activist who believed that beautiful design should be accessible to all. His Kelmscott Press revived fine book printing as an art form.
Richard the Lionheart Fatally Wounded
King Richard I of England is struck by a crossbow bolt while besieging the castle of Châlus-Chabrol in France, dying from the wound on April 6, 1199 — ending the reign of one of the most celebrated warrior kings in medieval history.
James VI of Scotland Proclaimed King of England
James VI of Scotland is proclaimed King James I of England and Ireland following the death of Queen Elizabeth I, uniting the Scottish and English crowns under a single monarch for the first time.
Tokugawa Ieyasu Establishes the Shogunate
Tokugawa Ieyasu receives the title of shogun from Emperor Go-Yōzei and establishes the Tokugawa Shogunate in Edo (modern Tokyo), beginning over 250 years of Tokugawa rule and the Edo Period of Japanese history.
Bach Dedicates the Brandenburg Concertos
Johann Sebastian Bach dedicates six concertos to Margrave Christian Ludwig of Brandenburg-Schwedt, now universally known as the Brandenburg Concertos — among the greatest works of Baroque orchestral music ever composed.
British Parliament Passes the Quartering Act
Great Britain passes the Quartering Act, requiring American colonies to provide housing and provisions for British troops stationed there — one of the acts that inflamed colonial anger and moved the colonies toward revolution.
Joseph Smith Tarred and Feathered
A mob beats and tars and feathers Mormon founder Joseph Smith in Hiram, Ohio — one of many violent persecutions that would eventually drive the Latter-day Saints westward across the continent.
Robert Koch Announces Discovery of Tuberculosis Bacterium
German physician Robert Koch announces his identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis before the Berlin Physiological Society, a landmark in medical history that fundamentally changed the understanding and eventual treatment of infectious disease.
Military Coup in Argentina
The Argentine military deposes President Isabel Perón in a coup, beginning a brutal military dictatorship known as the "Dirty War" during which an estimated 10,000 to 30,000 people were disappeared, tortured, and killed.
Archbishop Óscar Romero Assassinated
Archbishop Óscar Romero of El Salvador is shot and killed by a gunman while celebrating Mass, one day after he delivered a radio broadcast appealing to Salvadoran soldiers to stop killing their own people. His assassination became a defining moment of liberation theology and the Central American civil wars.
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Start a conversation →Elizabeth I
Queen of England
Queen Elizabeth I of England died on March 24, 1603 at Richmond Palace, ending the 45-year Elizabethan era — a golden age of English culture, exploration, and Protestant consolidation. Her death without an heir ended the Tudor dynasty.
Óscar Romero
Archbishop of San Salvador
Archbishop Óscar Romero was assassinated by a right-wing gunman while celebrating Mass on March 24, 1980, having become the voice of El Salvador's poor and oppressed. He was beatified by Pope Francis in 2015 and canonized in 2018.
Jules Verne
Author & Father of Science Fiction
Jules Verne, the visionary French author whose novels Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, Around the World in Eighty Days, and Journey to the Centre of the Earth anticipated many technologies of the 20th century, died on March 24, 1905. He is one of the most translated authors in history.
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