66 years ago today
FDA Approves the World's First Oral Contraceptive
On May 9, 1960, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Enovid, making it the world's first licensed oral contraceptive pill. Developed by chemist Carl Djerassi and biologist Gregory Pincus, the pill had been tested extensively over the preceding years, including landmark trials in Puerto Rico. Its approval represented a seismic shift in reproductive medicine and personal autonomy, particularly for women. Within five years, nearly seven million American women were using it. The pill reshaped demographics, enabled the sexual revolution, and remains one of the most transformative pharmaceutical breakthroughs in history.
Billy Joel
American singer-songwriter and pianist
Known as the "Piano Man," Billy Joel became one of the best-selling music artists of all time with anthems like "Piano Man," "Uptown Girl," and "We Didn't Start the Fire." He has sold over 150 million records worldwide and received numerous Grammy Awards.
Howard Carter
English archaeologist
Howard Carter led the 1922 excavation that discovered the tomb of Tutankhamun in Egypt's Valley of the Kings, one of the greatest archaeological finds of the twentieth century. His meticulous documentation of the tomb's contents transformed our understanding of ancient Egyptian civilization.
J. M. Barrie
Scottish novelist and playwright
J. M. Barrie created Peter Pan, the boy who never grew up, first as a play in 1904 and later as a novel. The character became one of the most enduring figures in English literature and has inspired countless adaptations across theatre, film, and television.
John Brown
American abolitionist
John Brown was a radical abolitionist who believed in the violent overthrow of slavery. His 1859 raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, made him a martyr to the antislavery cause in the North and accelerated the tensions leading to the Civil War.
Glenda Jackson
English actress and politician
Glenda Jackson won two Academy Awards for Best Actress before making a remarkable career shift to politics, serving as a Member of Parliament for over two decades. She later returned to acting, winning a Tony Award for a Broadway revival of "Three Tall Women" at age 82.
Albert Finney
English actor
Albert Finney was one of the defining actors of the British New Wave, earning five Academy Award nominations for films including "Tom Jones," "Murder on the Orient Express," and "Erin Brockovich." His naturalistic style helped reshape screen acting in the 1960s.
England and Portugal Forge the Oldest Alliance
The Treaty of Windsor was ratified, cementing the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance — the oldest diplomatic alliance in the world still in force today.
Thomas Blood Attempts to Steal the Crown Jewels
The audacious Irish colonel Thomas Blood and accomplices disguised as clergymen nearly succeeded in stealing the Crown Jewels from the Tower of London before being apprehended.
Vienna Stock Exchange Crash Triggers Global Panic
The collapse of the Vienna stock exchange on "Black Friday" set off the Panic of 1873, a severe international depression that lasted years and devastated economies across Europe and North America.
Romania Declares Independence
Romania's parliament proclaimed independence from the Ottoman Empire, establishing the sovereign state that would become a kingdom five years later.
Australia Opens Its First National Parliament
The first parliament of the newly federated Commonwealth of Australia convened in Melbourne, marking the birth of modern Australian democratic governance.
Royal Navy Captures Enigma Machine from U-110
British forces boarded the stricken German submarine U-110 and recovered an intact Enigma cipher machine along with code books, providing Allied codebreakers at Bletchley Park with crucial intelligence that helped shorten the war.
Schuman Declaration Lays Foundation for European Union
French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman presented his plan for pooling European coal and steel production, a proposal that became the foundational step toward what is now the European Union.
West Germany Joins NATO
The Federal Republic of Germany was admitted to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization just ten years after the end of World War II, reintegrating the country into the Western alliance.
House Judiciary Committee Opens Nixon Impeachment Hearings
The U.S. House Judiciary Committee opened formal impeachment proceedings against President Richard Nixon, a process that would lead to his resignation three months later.
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German poet and playwright
Friedrich Schiller was one of Germany's greatest literary figures, author of plays including "The Robbers" and "William Tell" and the poem "Ode to Joy," later set to music by Beethoven. He died of tuberculosis at age 45.
Tenzing Norgay
Nepalese-Indian mountaineer
Tenzing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hillary were the first people confirmed to have reached the summit of Mount Everest on May 29, 1953. Tenzing became a national hero in Nepal and India, and spent later years working to improve conditions for Sherpa guides.
Little Richard
American rock and roll pioneer
Little Richard was one of the founding fathers of rock and roll, with explosive recordings like "Tutti Frutti," "Long Tall Sally," and "Good Golly, Miss Molly" in the mid-1950s. His flamboyant style and frenetic piano playing directly influenced artists from The Beatles to Prince.
Aldo Moro
38th Prime Minister of Italy
Aldo Moro, a prominent Italian Christian Democrat who served as Prime Minister five times, was kidnapped by the Red Brigades terrorist group in March 1978 and murdered after 54 days in captivity. His death shocked Italy and marked a turning point in the country's fight against domestic terrorism.
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